Unfortunately, only a single population of between 72 animals now exists, which likely includes less than 50 mature individuals, and there are no Javan rhinos in captivity anywhere in the world. Its total population is well below the 250 threshold, but appears to have remained stable with slight increases in recent decades. The Javan rhino’s situation is different as well. First, the estimated world population of Sumatran rhinos is now no more than 80 total, and that number is broken down into several geographically-isolated sub-populations, none of which contains more than 50 mature individuals. The same criteria hold true for the Sumatran rhino, but there are two important differences. The population, however, has still undergone a historical observed decline of more than 85%, which gives serious cause for concern. Black rhinos currently number around 5,630 animals and occur in ten African countries. If we take a closer look at the three Critically Endangered rhino species, we see stories that are somewhat different but have the unfortunate potential of similar endings if conservation actions aren’t successful. Essentially, the IUCN functions as a “United Nations” for conservation. IUCN’s headquarters are located in Gland, near Geneva, in Switzerland. IUCN’s work is supported by more than 1,000 professional staff in 60 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. The world’s oldest and largest global environmental network, IUCN is a democratic membership union with more than 1,000 government and NGO member organizations, and almost 11,000 volunteer scientists and experts in some 160 countries. “IUCN” stands for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, the world’s first global environmental organization, founded in 1948. The Red List is maintained by IUCN, the World Conservation Union. Of the five living rhino species, three – the black, Sumatran and Javan rhinos – are classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Black rhino numbers have steadily been increasing since 1995, so why are they still considered Critically Endangered? The IUCN has just issued a Red List update for African rhinos.
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